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POLYRHYTHMS vs POLYMETERS

ANDREW HUANG9:50 417.750 Aufrufe veröffentlicht Auf YouTube

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  1. [Music] hey it's andrew huang today's video is about polyrhythms and
  2. polymeters which are separate concepts but a lot of people confuse them including me so we should talk about it it's theory
  3. thursday so we're gonna get into how to use polyrhythms and polymeters in
  4. composition and not just as a weird flex on social media jacob collier adam neely i love you i'm also going to show you how to polyrhythm
  5. in music software but first and most importantly the difference between polyrhythms and polymeters
  6. polyrhythm is one of those words that unfortunately from what i've seen gets used incorrectly more often than correctly and i've been guilty of this
  7. myself a lot of the time when people say polyrhythm what they actually mean
  8. is polymeter which is what was happening at the start of this video [Music] on the left we have a four note part and
  9. on the right we have a five note part you can count along with them with the same pulse but uh they have different length
  10. phrases and so it's like there's two different time signatures or meters at the same tempo that is a polymeter [Music]
  11. lots of people call that a polyrhythm and it does feel like kind of a natural term for it you know you have two different rhythms at the same time but
  12. polymeter is the official term what a polyrhythm is is when you have groups of different numbers of beats but each group takes the same amount of
  13. time to play so their ones always line up we've got seven and three here as a random example so let's listen to a 7-3
  14. polyrhythm for every seven cowbells you're going to hear three cows
  15. it's kind of disconcerting and hard to follow along with but if we listen to them one at a time we can hear that each of the beats is perfectly evenly spaced
  16. here are the cowbells and here are the cows
  17. so you can easily count along with either one of them on their own but playing them together precisely takes a lot of practice
  18. 7 3 is a weird one though and the most common polyrhythms are of course the simplest ones a ratio of three to two
  19. and a ratio of four to three [Music]
  20. most people can get the hang of those pretty easily and interestingly it's a spoken device that seems to be the most effective way to learn them
  21. so the three to two ratio goes with the rhythm of the phrase hot cup of tea hot cup of tea hot cup of tea hot cup of tea hot cup of tea
  22. and then the four to three one is a little bit profane but they actually do teach this in some music schools it's past the goddamn butter pass the
  23. goddamn butter pass the goddamn butter pass the goddamn butter past the goddamn butter thank you finally
  24. so in short polymeter different number of beats but the length of each beat is the same polyrhythm different number of beats but the length of each phrase
  25. is the same so let's look at polyrhythm and polymeter use in composition
  26. i realized that i have a song in my catalog that uses both at once so great example to use no copyright complications incredible this is long
  27. gone from my album stars [Music] so firstly the song comes across as
  28. regular 4 4 time most of the main elements the bass drums vocals chord changes are happening in 4 4 time uh the poly
  29. meter comes from this a go-go bell which is playing in three four you can hear it kind of in the background panned to the right
  30. and then the polyrhythm on top of that is this tambourine part which includes a bunch of triplets [Music]
  31. fully stole that move from a brazilian samba squad that i used to play with by the way i also want to show you the bridge of
  32. this song because it has much more interesting polymeters so the main instruments in the bridge are playing in 5 8.
  33. that's that mission impossible rhythm then there's guitar on top of that in 11 8.
  34. and then it's in the background but it's there there's a clave part in 7 8. so there's a breakdown of polyrhythms and polymeters in a musical context
  35. almost like a pop context i'm not sure how else i would categorize that song but you can find poly rhythms in a lot of other places for example in
  36. rap mostly four four beats but a lot of triplet flows in classical music you'll find the odd polyrhythmic phrase anywhere from
  37. chopin to stravinsky [Music] there's a huge tradition of polyrhythms in west african music
  38. and in math rock definitely a lot of both polymeter and polyrhythm use this kind of stuff is just in there for rhythmic fun polyrhythms perk our ears
  39. up because of the push and pull of how the rhythms fit together and polymeters are a great way to create interest out of simpler parts
  40. for instance if you have two four beat loops playing together it's gonna loop the exact same way every four beats
  41. if you have a four beat loop playing with a five beat loop lowest common multiple it's going to be 20 beats before the
  42. pattern repeats the same way again in my weird 5 7 11 bridge that full combined loop actually never occurs in the song because it just doesn't go on
  43. for that long the lowest common multiple of 5 7 and 11 is 385 but the bass line in that song is actually playing a five bar
  44. loop five chord progression so the bass line is actually playing a 25 feet frame the lowest common multiple of 25 and
  45. seven and 11 is 1925 and for context playing 1925 beats at the tempo that that song
  46. is in would take about nine minutes all that to say poly meters are a great way to do a lot with a little you can create a lot of interest over a
  47. section of a song because the patterns don't interact with each other the same way every time
  48. so i don't think i need to show you how to poly meter in a da because everything is at the same tempo you just need to make parts that are different lengths
  49. but how to poly rhythm you need tricks and there's a slow way that you could do in probably any program and then there's a fast way that might not
  50. be possible in your software let me show you so here's the slow method you're in your piano roll let's say you've got these two sounds
  51. that you want to use for your polyrhythm and i'll just use the example of seven three again so you're gonna take the sound that you wanna have
  52. seven hits of and draw them three spaces apart one two three two three two three and just keep going until you
  53. have one more than how many you want in the polyrhythm so since i'm doing seven i'm gonna draw eight notes one two three
  54. four five six seven i need an eighth one here now i'm gonna draw the second rhythm i'm gonna do three beats that are seven
  55. spaces apart one two three four five six seven one and we're also going to do one more than the number in my polyrhythm and if we've
  56. done it right we should see that the last two those extra ones we did line up and then we know that is where our loop
  57. needs to happen so i'm going to drag the loop to right before that beat and then we have our 73 polyrhythm
  58. now here's the fast way and i only know how to do this in ableton but it's much easier so you don't have to worry about the spaces just draw how
  59. many beats you need so we'll do seven and we'll do three now once again i'm gonna add an extra
  60. one on the end of one of them and i'm gonna select all of those notes and now the secret comes from this
  61. tiny gray arrow you just need to drag that to the end of the last note of your other rhythm and this works because the way these
  62. resizing markers work it goes from the front of the note so that's why you need the extra note there to be able to position it
  63. exactly now if i delete this note i can loop what i have here and it's a 7 3 poly rhythm
  64. since ableton allows audio warping you can actually do this with audio too so uh for instance here i've got a poly meter going on
  65. a two beat loop and a three beat loop
  66. but if this clip has warping on i can shift drag over here and bring it in to make it a polyrhythm instead of a polymeter
  67. so now we have three against two so that's the story on polymeters and polyrhythms just remember polymeters are
  68. two or more rhythms that share the same underlying pulse but have different lengths whereas polyrhythms have different numbers of beats crammed
  69. into the same length i'd love for you to leave a comment let me know what you thought let me know if there's any polyrhythmic or polymetric music that
  70. you enjoy and i'll see you in the next video

Zum Nachlesen

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