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How to use & build Präteritum | German Simple Past Explained
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- When talking about the past in German, you have these three options, which is the present perfect tense,
- which is the simple past, which is the past perfect tense. The first one, perfect, is the one you
- probably already learned in A1, is also the most important and most common one. That's perfect. And in A2 you learn
- about premium which is also important. And in B1 you learn about perfect which is actually not that common used. In
- this video we will focus just on preerum the simple past. You will learn how to build it for regular and irregular
- verbs. how to recognize preitum, example sentences, and lots of tips and tricks during this video to help you to
- understand this German tense better. And in case we haven't met yet, hello. You're watching your German teacher. And
- if you are learning German by yourself or you're taking classes but it's a little bit too fast for you, check out
- our homepage, your ggerermanteer.com, where you can find ebooks, worksheets, and complete online courses which will
- help you on your German journey. You will find the link down in the description. All right,
- and me talking about fakang and height in general, we have mostly like these two options just mentioned before. does
- perfect present perfect tense which is and the second one is the simple past.
- Now important to understand is that the present perfect tense does perfect is mainly used for speaking. So whenever
- you talk to somebody in German talking about the past, you most probably will use this perfect and premium is used for
- writing in written German. So you will see it in newspapers, in reports or in books. But there are some words in
- preitum which we also use in spoken German. The most important ones which are also the most important ones in
- general for German are to be and to have. Here the conjugation inv.
- And there are also six model verbs which we also use in preerum in spoken German molen
- volen. We don't go into detail to all of those because we already have two videos. One aboutum
- for sil and haren and one about the six model verbs in preterum. You will find the links down in the description. But
- in this lesson, we will talk mainly about other important German verbs which we also sometimes use in spoken German
- in preterm. And of course, as you know, in German, we have regular and irregular verbs. And
- we start with the regular ones. The conjugat verb conjugation for regular verbs.
- We take the verb cen to buy a simple easy regular verb. We start with the present tense conjugation
- and so on. Now we add does perfect the present perfect tense [Music]
- and so on. And now we add Zen. Now, why did I put these three tenses
- together? Let's just look at the verb stem. Then, this is this calf. Calf. So, you drop the en ending and then you have
- the verb stem. When you look closely, you will see that you have this calf in all three tenses in present, imperfect,
- impre. The only thing you have to do is you add the endings. So for present tense, e t
- and so on. Perfect. You have this g e for the past participle particip. And then this t at the end, which is also a
- sign mostly for regular verbs. and preerum this te e t s t te t te t te t te t te t te t te t te t te t te t e and
- so on. Now let's just compare present and preitum and as you can see they are very similar right this is for regular
- verbs always like this. So the only thing which is actually changing is this t there is a t after the verb stem cal
- then a t and then the endings. So very close to this present tense conjugation. But this T is a big sign
- for whenever you see this in a verb conjugation, you know, okay, this must be prearum.
- Another important thing, a tip here, the first and third person singular and plural,
- the conjugation of for any verb, it doesn't matter if it's regular or irregular, any verb. The first person
- and the third person, singular and plural, they have always the same conjugation.
- Let's look at some other regular verbs here. We take m to make to do, to ask, and zen to say. Those are all
- regular verbs. And when we just look at the verb stem, then you can see that this is the same for all. So you have
- this verb stem and then you add the preerum endings for regular verbs as you can see here. But of course it wouldn't
- be German if there wouldn't be some special cases and mit or verbs with a d or d at the
- end at the end of the verb stem from verb they get an additional eon to work
- to wait or to talk or say. And as you can see, abeton and vatin, they both have a t at the end of the verb stem and
- raiden has a d at the end of the verb stem. Now we add the preerum conjugation and you can see there is this additional
- e after the verb stem and between so between the verb stem and the endings the preterum endings. This is there for
- pronunciation reason. So let's check let's take the first one for first person singular
- in present. If you wouldn't have this e there it would be
- which is kind of impossible to pronounce. So this is just there. This e is just there for pronunciation reasons.
- Another important tip do so the second person singular and the second person plural are not important
- at all in prearum. So you kind of not kind of forget about it but you can't kind of neglect it.
- Why? Because whenever you use the second person singular or plural this means you're talking to somebody directly. And
- whenever we talk to somebody directly about something that happened in the past, we would never use
- this sentence here. Imperfect. Did you buy yesterday the new cell phone?
- This would be Absolutely perfect. The grammatically it's correct.
- Both sentences are correct and both have the same exactly the same meaning. But we would never use so for spoken German
- imperfect is perfect and we would not use this is just something you have to keep
- in mind. So again, second person singular and plural for spoken German. We almost never use
- an example. Tom likes to cook. Yesterday Tom bought a cookbook. Cooked
- spaghetti with mushrooms and waited for his wife. All the verbs here in yellow are regular verbs. All of them are in
- His wife didn't ask why because she was working late and was very tired. Again,
- three verbs all in yellow. is is actually irregular verb is all right
- is done. Let's go to irregular verbs and we start again with the conjugation. We take the verb bring to bring in present
- looks like this which looks very regular right and this is something you also have to keep in
- mind. If you just look at the verb conjugation for present for present tense you can actually not tell if this
- verb is regular or irregular. There's quite a few of German verbs which are irregular but they are regular in
- present tense conjugation. So the only way to 100 100% be sure to know if it's a regular or a irregular verb is when
- you look at the form. But first we also add perfect and so on. here for the past participle.
- You already see this is not regular. Now let's add also the prearum. 100% this is not regular because the
- verb stem this bring is actually not in the preerum form. So this is the sign. Okay, this is a 100% irregular verb. Now
- here again I added all three tenses. Why? Because here you see some similarities between perfect the past
- participle and the form. And this is something which you also see in other verbs. For example,
- to think to know and all of those three verbs are actually also kind of used, not common
- but used in preum in spoken German. Now we add the past participle for those two which is foren
- for ven. And now let's add the conjugation which looks like this. is.
- And as you can see when we just look at this past participle there, you see those similarities between the past
- participle particip and the conjugation. And why do I tell this? Why? Because the past participle you most probably know
- already. So this is just something to help you because the past participle you should have already learned before and
- whenever you form the preerum, this might help you to form it because you already know the past participle.
- But of course it wouldn't be German. Unfortunately, this is not a rule. Irregular verbs always always have
- exceptions to give in present. At least this one is here is already
- irregular in present tense. escaped and this is also very common for irregular verbs in present tense if they
- are irregular in present tense is mostly mostly the second and third person singular form
- let's add perfect and so on and now let's add the carp
- var zon and as you can See this past participle
- here and there's nothing really much they have in common. And this is also for some other
- important verbs. [Music] to find
- to go. [Music] Just to show you again, let's add the
- past participle. For gibbon it's for common it's common and there is not much they have in
- common with the preerum form but there is one thing which they do have in common and this is this vowel change
- vowel change vocal vexel so you see this gibbon for example there's this gib and you have this e in preito make it get a
- a an a sharp common is a oarum is also a R a fendon is a I also a vowel premium it's another vowel it's also a so this a
- is quite common used in prearum again another side tip if you see something in the verb conjugation and you have this a
- there might be prearum for gen this one here you don't have it you don't have this r you have a i but
- you still have this vowel change. I know this is not really helping, right? This vowel change, it's just something I
- wanted to point out. But the only thing which is important when it comes to irregular verbs, learn the irregular
- verbs by heart. You have to learn them by heart. Write your own list with irregular verbs. Write them down in
- present tense and past tense. So the first row is this present, the present tense conjugation. Then the second row
- is the perfect the present perfect tense. So we have the past participle and the third row is the form in preum.
- Try to do this for all the irregular verbs. There's not too many. So whenever you come across a new irregular verb try
- to add it accordingly to this list and learn this list by heart. Let's do an example also for
- and again we have Tom which just cooked spaghetti spaghetti
- shrimp spaghetti. Tom thought the spaghetti were so
- delicious that he wrote down the recipe. Here we have Findenar is fun and we have alen
- to write down impre is a verb a separable verb and here just to point out another thing about
- separable verbs in prearum they exactly work the same way but here we have a a subordinate clause right so
- And in a nezat separable verbs are not separated. They are just put together to with the prefix first a and then the
- conjugation here in Maria. Maria brought the dishes into the
- kitchen. gave the cat fresh water and went to bed because she was tired. Here as well in yellow, all three verbs are
- irregular verbs all in premium form. And in this video, there is no bonus tip because I think I gave you already quite
- a lot of tips during this video, but you have how's homework. The question is very simple.
- What did you do yesterday? Now to answer this question in the comments, write everything the complete answer in.
- You have to write the answer in film. Yesterday I went to the movies and watched a a a movie which is pretty
- obvious. So zah maybe this z is preerum from zen and maybe you don't know this maybe you don't know the conjugation of
- zen in prearum just go to google type inum and then the verb here for example zen
- and then you will have the conjugation in prearum on the first page just as a small side tip and if you want to know
- more about perfect the present perfect tense can watch this video here or then you can watch this video here.
- I hope you learned something. Al vin.
Zum Nachlesen
PräteritumIn der gesprochenen Sprache wird das Präteritum meist nur für die Verben „haben“, „sein“, „wissen“, „heißen“, „finden“ (im Sinne von „empfinden“), „denken“ und …
ImperfektDer Ausdruck Imperfekt (lateinisch imperfectus ‚unvollendet') bezeichnet in der Grammatik normalerweise Verbformen, die gleichzeitig Vergangenheit (d. h.