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zu + Infinitiv einfach erklärt | Deutsch lernen B1/B2
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- It's very important to watch this video. Hello and welcome to the Linkster Academy. I'm your German teacher, Julia , and today you'll learn about a grammar topic that many learners find very difficult:
- When do you use "zu" with the infinitive? First of all, today we're not talking about "umzu" with the infinitive. That always answers the question "what for?" or "why?" I'm learning German to find a better job. He works a lot to pay off his house, but "zu" infinitive
- answers a completely different question. Take a look at the following examples: I find it interesting to get to know new cultures. It's my dream to speak perfect German. He offered to organize the drinks for the party. What questions are we asking here? What
- do you find interesting? What is your dream, and what did he offer? These are accusative objects. Hello and welcome to the Linkster Academy! I'm your German teacher, Julia , and today you'll learn about a grammar topic that many learners find very difficult. When do you use "zu" + infinitive? First off: Today we're not talking about "um zu" + infinitive. That
- always answers the question: Why? I'm learning German to find a better job. He works a lot to pay off his house. But "zu" + infinitive answers a completely different question. Take a look at the following examples: I find it interesting to get to know new cultures. It's my dream to speak perfect German.
- He offered to organize the drinks for the party. What questions are we asking here? What do you find interesting? What is your dream? What did he offer? These are accusative objects. Let's take a closer look at the main and subordinate clauses:
- I find it interesting: "I" am the subject and I find "it" interesting. But what is "it"? Getting to know new cultures. Do you notice that there's no subject in this subordinate clause?
- And that's quite typical for infinitive clauses. The person doing something is in the main clause. What happens when we use two subjects? I find it interesting that you get to know new cultures.
- See, now it's a perfectly normal "that" clause! Would you say: I find it interesting that I get to know new cultures? Sounds a bit strange, doesn't it? It is,
- because when we only have one subject, we automatically use a "to" clause. Got it? And to help you get a better feel for these sentences, I'll show you lots of examples now. Just listen and read along, and you'll learn it all by yourself.
- And don't forget to download my free learning package. You'll get over 100 pages of PDFs with vocabulary and grammar up to B2 level. The link is below this video. So, ready? Let's get started:
- 1. It is (not) + adjective / I find it (not) + adjective What is beautiful? It is beautiful to walk by the sea. What do you find wonderful? I find it wonderful to learn German.
- What is boring? It's boring to do the same thing every day. I find it exciting to try new hobbies. It's dangerous to ride a motorcycle without a helmet.
- I don't mind being lazy on the weekends. It's not difficult to learn German at the Lingster Academy. Those were the verbs "sein" (to be) and "finden" (to find) with adjectives.
- Now let's look at some nouns: 2. Es ist + (non-) abstract noun / Es gibt + (non-) abstract noun / Ich habe + (non-) abstract noun / Es macht + (non-) abstract noun.
- What is your wish? It is my wish to do a semester abroad. What is fun? It's fun to go on vacation with friends. What doesn't scare you? Starting a new job doesn't scare me.
- What is there? There are different ways to solve the problem. Is everything clear so far? Then let's make it a little more difficult: What possibility is there? There is the possibility to make the appointment online.
- What do you feel like doing? I feel like going to the cinema. Why do I ask "What for?" We say "to feel like something," so the preposition "for" is always part of the phrase "desire" and therefore must be included in the question.
- What didn't you have time for? I didn't have time to do my homework. You have "time for" something, hence "what for." Now let's move on to the biggest and last part of the video:
- verbs. Listen to all the examples and think about what all the verbs have in common in their meaning. The following verbs all belong to one category. 3. Verbs
- offer: He offered to organize the drinks for the party. begin: Tomorrow I will start training for my marathon. announce: He announced that he is retiring.
- stop: When will you finally stop smoking so much? intend: I intend to pass my C1 exam at the end of the year. begin: We need to start preparing the party.
- strive: She is making a great effort to improve her German. decide: When did you decide to study medicine? ask: He asked me to help him.
- think of: Please remember to feed my cat when I am on vacation. threaten: In the argument, he threatened to leave her. recommend: He recommended that I change my diet.
- allow: My parents allowed me to drive their car. like: Do you like living in Berlin? help with: I'd be happy to help you improve your German!
- hope: I hope to visit my friends in Mexico. plan: She plans to move into a new apartment in the fall. advise: I advise you to try yoga.
- manage: How do you manage to get up at six o'clock every day? forget: Oh no! I forgot to wish you a happy birthday! promise: I promise you I won't forget your birthday again!
- try: I try to study German for half an hour every day. forbid: My parents forbade me from eating sweets. avoid: We should avoid being late.
- promise: I promise to help you with the move. intend: They intend to visit their son in Australia. suggest: I suggest we start with the introduction.
- warn against: He warned her against doing it. To refuse: I refuse to accept your decision. To wish: I wish to write a book someday.
- Yes, those were basically the most important verbs that can form an infinitive clause with "zu" (to). Back to my question: What do all these verbs have in common? To wish, to plan, to promise, to please...
- They are verbs that have to do with mental processes. These are wishes, plans, attempts, or influencing others – basically everything that happens in the mind. Of course, as always, there are exceptions, but I think
- that's a relatively logical explanation, don't you think? And that's it for today! If you liked the video and learned something, then subscribe to my channel now and don't forget to get your free learning package.
- Bye for now, see you in the next video! Yours, Julia