50+ COMMON ENGLISH PHRASAL VERBS (with workbook!)
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0:00 Hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish. There are so many English phrasal verbs, right?
0:07 Hundreds and hundreds. Today I'm going to take you through the fifty most
0:13 common phrasal verbs so that you can make sure you recognise them,
0:17 you understand them and you can use them confidently in English conversations.
0:23 We're going to take the very best of all of my phrasal verb lessons and bring them together right here in this one lesson for you.
0:32 There's a fair bit to cover so to help you I've made you a free workbook that you can use to practise and to remember
0:41 what you learned during this lesson. Head down to the description, follow the link
0:46 and the instructions to get the download and let's get into the lesson!
0:55 Bring up. Now we use this phrasal verb in multiple ways but when we want to
1:01 start discussing something, we use it. There's something I want to bring up.
1:06 So it's a really great way to introduce a new topic and it's usually about something that's serious or important. It's usually used when
1:15 you're in a professional context or you want to talk about something seriously.
1:18 Let's bring this up at our next team meeting. To get across.
1:23 Now this phrasal verb is often used with the verb try to show that you're attempting to communicate a message
1:30 when you want someone to understand something. Here's a cool tip. There are several nouns that are often used
1:38 with get across and so learning them together is going to help you to sound more natural and more accurate as you use this
1:45 phrasal verb. So we use get across with facts, feelings, ideas,
1:52 a message, meaning, a point or a point of view. All of these things are used with get across.
2:02 Am I getting the message across clearly? I'm trying to get my point across but Paul keeps butting in.
2:10 I'm going to get to that phrasal verb soon. Have you ever jumped in on a conversation?
2:15 This is a great phrasal verb for interrupting. It's very informal.
2:21 Do you mind if I jump in here? I've got something to share. I want to say it.
2:26 We don't literally mean jump in. Jump in is just an informal synonym of interrupt.
2:35 Do you mind if I interrupt? Do you mind if I jump in?
2:39 They're the same thing. The phrasal verb is just more casual, more informal.
2:44 Now butt in is also used for interrupting but very informal and perhaps a little rude when you're using that
2:54 to describe what someone else did. It suggests that that person who's doing the action, I didn't really care about the other people
3:02 in the conversation or what they've been talking about. They just interrupted and it was quite rude. They butted in.
3:08 And it's often - Hey did you do the thing I told you to do the other day?
3:12 Because I need you to do it. Anyway to butt in means to join a conversation or an activity
3:21 without being asked to or invited to. I was speaking with Sue after she lost her job and then
3:27 Jim butts in and starts talking about his new promotion. So it's quite a selfish action, right? Butt in.
3:35 To blurt out. This is quite a fun one. To blurt something out. To blurt out something means to say something
3:44 without thinking about the effect it will have and it's usually because you're nervous or you're excited.
3:50 Imagine that a friend told you that she was pregnant but she specifically said:
3:56 "Don't mention it to anyone yet because I haven't told anyone else" but then later in the day you saw another friend,
4:03 someone you hadn't seen in quite a while and you were giving them all the updates about life and work and
4:10 then you say "Oh guess what? Melanie's pregnant!"
4:17 It just slipped out of your mouth before you even thought about it. That is blurting it out and you'd have to call her up
4:22 and you'd have to say "I'm so sorry, I'm so sorry. I just blurted it out. I didn't think."
4:30 So this phrasal verb can be used in multiple ways, it's sometimes used when you're trying to call someone and they don't answer.
4:40 I'm trying to get through but there's no answer. But it's also used when you're trying to make someone
4:46 understand what you're trying to say. It's difficult to get the message through to my team because we
4:53 all work remotely. I'm trying to get the message through to Paul but he's not listening.
5:00 To talk over. This phrasal verb is used to discuss a problem or a plan
5:06 and usually, it's when you're trying to find a solution or resolve it in some way. It's when you're a little stuck, you've got to
5:13 talk about it some more so that you can come to a resolution or to make it clear and when you use it you'll always need to use
5:22 an object as well all right? You'll need to talk over an issue, a plan, something, it or this, whatever okay. It's something
5:34 that has to be talked over. I know you're upset. Let's talk it over tonight when you get home.
5:39 Sometimes you might even hear people using talk over in the context of speaking over the top of someone else.
5:46 Usually as a way to interrupt they might say I don't mean to talk over you but we've already decided what to do.
5:54 So in this context it's always followed by a person followed by the person who's being interrupted.
6:01 To talk around. So when you want to talk someone around, you want to convince
6:06 them or you want to persuade them to agree with you right? So it kind of suggests that the person didn't agree with you
6:15 to start with and you're trying to convince them that your idea is the right one, is the best one.
6:22 I didn't want to go but he succeeded in talking me round. To shut down. You might know this phrasal verb already because
6:32 it has a common meaning to close something, usually permanently like it might be a restaurant that gets
6:39 shut down but it is also informally used during conversations when you get rejected, especially if your hopes are up.
6:49 It was kind of awkward, she just shut him down mid-sentence. So she just stopped him in the middle of his sentence and told him
6:57 that his idea was no good or that he's wrong. She interrupted in a rude way and shut his idea down.
7:04 So it's definitely a negative thing to do or to experience yourself right?
7:09 My boss didn't like the suggestion. He shut me down straight away. Now it would be much better if your boss backed you up right?
7:18 Which means to give support by telling other people that they agree with something that you said or something that you did.
7:26 Thanks for backing me up during the meeting. When we think about or we talk about the past then we can use
7:33 look back on something, an event or a time or an experience in the past.
7:40 I try to look back on the mistakes I made in the past and learn from them.
7:45 We look after people you know we take care of them.
7:49 I offered to look after my sister's kids on Thursday night. Who's going to look after your dog while you're away?
7:57 To look down on someone is to have a low opinion of them or to think that you're better than them in some way.
8:06 It's really common for people who value university education to look down on those who don't have a degree.
8:14 Can you think of other times in your life or around you in your community where people look down on each other?
8:23 See if you can write a sentence about that down below. We look for things, right, you know when we lose something
8:30 and we're trying to find it. Now of course, we always need to use a noun that follows
8:37 this phrasal verb right to explain what it is we're looking for. I'm looking for my keys, I can't find them anywhere.
8:49 Of course, we look forward to something happening, right? We are waiting for something to happen and feeling really excited
8:57 or really pleased about it. Lots of you know that I love the warm weather
9:03 and I usually complain about our relatively mild winter here in Australia
9:09 but as you can imagine we are just coming out of winter and heading into summer now and I am very excited about it.
9:19 I'm looking forward to summer. We look around or we look round.
9:25 And that's when we visit a place and see what's there. Before I book the venue, I'd like to come and look around
9:32 if that's okay, just to make sure that it's suitable. Look out, to look out.
9:39 We use it as an exclamation to tell someone to be careful. That's a really common use, we say:
9:46 "Look out! You're about to knock the glass off the bench!" Look out.
9:52 We look out for people. Can you hear that? Look out.
9:58 Look out for someone, it means to take care of them and make sure that they're okay.
10:04 My nephews are always looking out for each other at school, it is so sweet.
10:09 You might already know the phrasal verb look up. Are you already thinking of a few different phrasal verbs
10:16 that use look up? When we look something up usually we're trying to find out
10:23 some information right or we use a dictionary or Google or Youtube to find the right answer or the truth, right?
10:33 If you don't know a word you look it up in the dictionary. Now look up is a separable phrasal verb and that means that we
10:42 can insert the object into the phrasal verb or we can have it follow so we can say
10:48 look up the word or look the word up. Both of them are okay, it's possible.
10:57 Now if we keep thinking about look up, then I can say that I look up to someone right? I respect them. I want to be like them.
11:09 I really look up to my boss. I guess you could say that she's my mentor.
11:13 Now this phrasal verb is also inseparable, the object always follows the phrasal verb.
11:20 Who do you look up to? Is there someone in your life that you respect and you admire?
11:25 Write about it in the comments below. To look into something is to investigate it
11:31 and this phrasal verb is quite useful to use in a professional context. If a colleague says
11:38 "We sent out the invitations last week but no one's responded. Do you think there's a problem with the website?"
11:46 That's odd. Maybe I'll look into it and report back after lunch. Another great phrasal verb to use in a work context is to look over
11:56 something and this means to examine it but usually quickly, you know probably not going into a whole heap of detail.
12:06 I'll look over the report tonight and let you know if i want to add anything. We can look through something.
12:13 Now of course we have the more literal meaning of look through but like look over it's also used when we examine
12:22 something especially to find the information that you need. I can spend hours looking through recipes
12:30 getting inspiration for dinner each night. Come down with.
12:35 So when you come down with something you are starting to show the signs of an illness.
12:42 They both came down with a terrible cold. So it's the same as saying catch you know we say
12:50 to catch a cold or catch an illness. It has the same meaning. They came down with a cold. They caught a cold.
12:59 Same thing. Now usually come down with is used with non-serious illnesses
13:04 like a cold or the flu, a stomach bug or even just something when we're a little unsure. We might say
13:15 I feel like I'm coming down with something. Now notice that come down with is transitive and inseparable
13:23 so that means that we always need an object to complete that thought or that action right? We need that object
13:31 but it's also inseparable which means that the object needs to go after the phrasal verb and not in between it.
13:39 You can also fight off a cold, can't you? When you free yourself of that illness and your body overcomes
13:48 that illness by fighting against it. She came down with a cold
13:54 but luckily she was able to fight it off quickly. She overcame the cold quickly. So the fighting here in this phrasal verb is figurative
14:05 not literally fighting a cold or punching that virus in the face. No, it's inside her body. Her immune system is working hard
14:17 to fight off that virus you know, until she's feeling well again. So this phrasal verb is transitive. We need an object but this time
14:28 it is separable so that means that our object can either go between the verb and the particle or it can go after the phrasal verb.
14:38 She fought off the cold. She fought the cold off.
14:44 She fought it off. There is one little tip here that I want to share about
14:50 separable phrasal verbs so when that object is a pronoun like in this sentence here, so we're not saying
14:59 that cold or that illness. We're saying 'it'. Then the object always goes between the verb and the particle.
15:07 She fought it off. Not she fought off it.
15:14 Okay? That's something to keep in mind for separable phrasal verbs. People don't always overcome an illness, do they?
15:22 They become more and more unwell until eventually they pass away.
15:28 So this is a polite and respectful way of saying to die. Now it's just a little bit softer and more indirect to say that
15:39 someone has passed away rather than saying he's dead or he died
15:45 which sometimes it can sound quite direct and maybe a little disrespectful as well. When I talk about my dad, I don't say
15:55 he died, I say he passed away. Notice that this time the verb is intransitive and inseparable
16:03 so we don't actually need an object to express this idea, do we? To pass away we know what that means, it's complete
16:13 and because there's no object it also means that we can't separate the verb and the particle, right, so that's kind of obvious.
16:21 Check out this phrasal verb here, to dip into. If you dip into something you are spending some of your money
16:30 but usually it's money that you are saving for a specific purpose. They have dipped into their savings to pay for their renovation.
16:39 Now interestingly the object of this phrasal verb always describes a sum of money so it's a specific noun, it could be
16:48 savings or a pension or a retirement fund for example. You get the idea, it's a specific type of noun that you would dip into.
16:59 Now maybe you've heard this phrasal verb in a line from a really famous Beatles song.
17:07 With a little help from my friends, I get by with a little help from my friends/
17:15 Get by means to manage to live or to do a particular task using just the money or the knowledge that you have
17:23 at that time and nothing else. Even though Tim has been without work for six months
17:30 they've been getting by. They don't have as much money as they usually do but
17:37 they manage to live with what they have. They don't need anything else to survive, they're getting by.
17:45 But if you go without that means that you know you're living without the things that you need or you'd like to have.
17:54 If you think about the storms in Texas a couple of days ago, people have been going without power for five days or more.
18:03 There was no power. They just had to find a way to live without that power. They went without power for five days.
18:12 I'm sure you can think of a time when you went without something for a little while. Did you go without sugar? Did you go without
18:22 a break? Did you go without... Hey! I'm not going to finish that sentence for you.
18:28 See if you can write your own sentence down in the comments below. I'll be down to check them.
18:33 Let's start with come up. Come up has a few different meanings.
18:40 It can mean to be mentioned or talked about in a conversation. If anything important comes up during the meeting,
18:47 I'll tell you about it later. It can also mean to approach or to go towards someone especially
18:55 if they are on a higher level than you are. Come up on stage and collect your award!
19:03 Come up to my apartment. It's on the fourth floor. Now if something like a job or an opportunity comes up
19:11 it becomes available. This new opportunity has come up and we need to take it.
19:18 Now if a problem or an issue comes up it happens and it needs to be dealt with immediately.
19:27 Something's just come up so I need to cancel my appointment. come in well you've probably heard this one and it means to enter a building or a room
19:40 The TV was so loud he didn't notice me come in. But it can also mean arrive.
19:48 The train comes in at three o'clock. News is coming in that they found survivors in the crash.
19:56 But it can also be used when talking about clothing or fashion.
20:03 These shirts come in three colours. If some information comes out, something that was previously
20:10 unknown becomes known. After ten years, the truth finally came out.
20:19 Now it can also be a synonym for a pier. There was a dead tree coming out of the water .
20:28 And of course, after a big thunderstorm, the sun always comes out from behind the clouds.
20:36 We use this phrasal verb to say that the sun or the moon or the stars have appeared in the sky.
20:45 If your favourite band is working on a new album they'll probably tell you when it's going to come out.
20:54 The new album will come out in June. My sister's new book comes out in December.
21:02 It can also mean to go somewhere with someone for a social event.
21:10 Do you want to come out with us on Friday night? Come on.
21:14 Come on is an expression that you'll hear all the time. It can mean hurry up.
21:22 Come on we're going to be late! Or you could use it to encourage or support someone.
21:30 Come on you can do it. It can also be used when you don't believe something
21:38 that someone said. Come on! That's not true.
21:44 Come on can also mean to start working. The light in the bathroom just came on.
21:53 The hot water isn't coming on. Are you sure it's working? It can also be used
21:58 when you're referring to a sickness that is just starting to develop usually with a common cold.
22:09 I think I've got a cold coming on. To come down. Now generally this phrasal verb is a synonym for
22:20 reduce or fall. It's used when something moves in a downwards direction.
22:28 There was a big storm last night and many of the trees came down. Come down here now.
22:36 You can use this when you're talking to someone who's higher than you, perhaps they're upstairs or in a tree.
22:44 Come down here. Come down is also used when something reduces
22:49 so often the price but what about to come down on? Now to come down on someone is a really negative thing,
23:00 it means to punish someone because they didn't perform as expected.
23:07 My boss came down on me really hard because I didn't finish the report in time.
23:12 Come over. Again this phrasal verb has multiple meanings but the most
23:19 commonly used one is used to describe movement, the movement from one place to another.
23:28 Come over here. Why don't you come over to my house for dinner?
23:34 To come back. Now most commonly this phrasal verb is used when somebody
23:41 or something returns to a place or returns to an original state. I'll come back in half an hour and get you.
23:52 I thought I got rid of my cold but I think it's coming back. To brush up on.
23:59 This is a phrasal verb but one that's idiomatic and it means to update or to improve your skills in some way.
24:08 It can be used in any context really, formal or informal but this expression is so useful in a professional context
24:18 because sometimes it can be a little awkward or embarrassing to say that you don't have fantastic skills
24:28 in one area, right? But by saying that you need to brush up on those skills
24:34 is a much softer way of saying that you're not that good at something but you are willing to practise or study to improve those skills.
24:47 I'm brushing up on my Italian because I've got a business trip in July.
24:52 I got the job at the publishing company but I really need to brush up on my editing skills.
24:58 I'm out of practice. To turn down.
25:02 Again, this is another common phrasal verb but it's also idiomatic. It means to say no to something or refuse something.
25:13 They offered me tickets to the conference but I had to turn them down because it's my son's birthday.
25:19 As you probably know phrasal verbs are made up of a verb with a particle, maybe even two. All the phrasal verbs in this lesson
25:27 include the particle up and by focusing on up, we get to study the meaning and understand how the verb
25:35 is influenced by the particle and we're going to split the phrasal verbs from this lesson into five different categories.
25:44 Ones that generally mean to move up, to increase or improve, to create, to fix and to complete.
25:56 So we're going to start with phrasal verbs that have a general meaning to move up.
26:03 So the word up means to take something from a low position to a high position, doesn't it? So if I pick up my mug
26:11 and I move it higher, I move it up then I'm taking it from a low position to a high position.
26:22 So there are a few phrasal verbs that fall into this same category right and they use up.
26:29 So of course, we have pick up. Pick up. So that means to lift or to move something or someone, right?
26:36 We can pick up our mug, we can pick up our child. We can also get up and get up can mean to rise after sleeping
26:47 or sitting down for a period of time. You might say: "I have to get up and go to my meeting."
26:53 We also fill up things so when we fill up something we put something inside it all the way to the top until it's full.
27:04 So we can fill up our glass with water. So you'll notice that in all of these phrasal verbs we're taking
27:11 something from a low position and moving it to a high position. The next box is to increase or improve in some way.
27:21 And so these words really mean to make something greater or better or bigger which is similar to moving something upwards
27:29 but not quite. Let's think about some of the phrasal verbs with up that help to express this same idea.
27:37 We climb up or maybe we go up a set of stairs and that's to increase
27:43 the height that you're at and to reach a higher level of a building.
27:47 I climbed up the stairs to get to the balcony and watch the sunset. We also use go up to talk about an increase in value
27:57 or an increase in number as well. You can also back up. This is a great phrasal verb.
28:03 It means to provide extra support or increase the support that you need.
28:09 She backed up her stories with photographic evidence. You know we might even say that someone backed you up,
28:17 they provided support. They argued on your side. They were supportive of you so they backed you up.
28:25 We say grow up and that means to increase in size or maturity. We say our kids grow up too quickly.
28:35 Cheer up. We use it when we want to improve our mood right? To cheer up.
28:46 Cheer up. The weather's going to be better tomorrow. We also dress up which means we increase the quality
28:55 of our clothes, maybe we make ourselves look better, look nicer. All the phrasal verbs in this box relate to create.
29:06 You know I love to cook right so the phrasal verb to cook up is a really great one to use when you want to make
29:16 something, some food for someone else. To cook up some dinner, to cook up a steak, for example.
29:25 It can also mean to get an idea ready. An exciting, interesting idea. I'm cooking up a plan to do something
29:36 interesting maybe a surprise party. Now whip up is a little similar to cook up, it means to cook
29:43 something but to do it really quickly. You know I'm just gonna whip up a sandwich during my break, right?
29:50 We wouldn't whip up an entire roast dinner but we can whip up something quickly How about to dream up.
29:57 To think of a new idea or to imagine something new, to be creative with your thoughts.
30:04 I dreamt up an entire new plan for the party. We also set up and we use set up when we organise
30:11 or we plan something like an event or maybe even a system. I set up my studio every time I need to film a lesson for you.
30:21 Make up is a good one as well. Make up can refer to inventing or creating a lie or a fake story.
30:30 She would often make up stories to make her life seem more interesting.
30:36 Make up cool, huh? Not to be confused with the noun makeup but the phrasal
30:43 verb make up is to creatively think up a story or an idea. We can also use come up with when we're creating something,
30:53 a new idea or a solution because come up with means to suggest or to think of a new idea.
31:00 You know Elon Musk? Great example. He comes up with grand plans to save humanity like electric cars and flying to Mars.
31:12 So can you see how all of those phrasal verbs have something to do with, they're connected to the idea of creating or making
31:21 something and that's why they're grouped together. But there are many more of them as well but that's why
31:28 paying attention to the particle and the meaning that the particle offers the verb can help you to learn and to practise and
31:36 to remember and even to guess the meaning of new phrasal verbs. So in the next box is fix or get better so to fix something
31:49 or to repair it, to make it whole again. Let's go back to make up because if you make up with someone
31:58 you're repairing your relationship after you've had an argument. Sarah and John had another argument
32:05 but they always make up. And again that's not to be confused with our other meaning
32:11 right? Our noun or our other phrasal verb meaning to make up. Heal up is another one. Heal up is when an injury gets better.
32:21 His broken leg healed up really quickly. So it fixed itself, it got better.
32:27 To sober up means to become less drunk or intoxicated. Coffee and breakfast will help you to sober up after a long,
32:37 crazy night out on the town. Patch up is a great one, a little informal but a lovely phrasal verb.
32:45 It means to fix or to make something whole again. I'm gonna patch up the hole in my jumper so that I can use it again,
32:54 I can wear it again. I'm gonna fix it. I'll patch it up. Inside the last box we have phrasal verbs that mean to complete,
33:03 to completely finish something. We finish up something. We complete it.
33:08 Please finish up the design by Friday. Another phrasal verb with a very similar meaning is wrap up.
33:16 It's almost time to wrap up this lesson, to finish up, to wrap up and we can say drink up.
33:24 Drink up or eat up, that means finish your food or your drink.
33:31 Finish it, we're gonna be late. Drink up! We're gonna be late.