Fordism, Outsourcing, and other changes as a Result of the World Economy! AP Human Geography
The Eason
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VTTfP74GNa4

Transkript (automatisch erstellt)

0:00 welcome to an ap human geography video on changes as a result of the world economy so let's get started so where are the
0:07 jobs happening jobs bring money to a country and that increases the economy well jobs change in certain places because of processes like outsourcing
0:15 offshoring and economic restructuring outsourcing is a where a company hires a third-party group maybe another
0:22 company to handle a specific task this could be to manufacture something or collect something and then they're going to
0:31 deliver it to this company the company will pay them and then uh the company who received the product will do whatever the heck they want to
0:37 do with it then there's offshoring which is a company relocates a part of its operation to another location
0:44 it's still part of that company it's still under the name so under the contract still has the same goal uh and others of however it's in a
0:50 different place across borders a good example this is call centers uh in india mexico the philippines
0:57 places outside america uh and yeah that's offshoring for you and outsourcing as well uh and they all
1:04 do this to save money because it's cheaper there they're doing this primarily in industrial countries where the cost to
1:10 do this are lower then there's economic restructuring which is the transfer of an economy from the industrial sector
1:16 sector sector to the service sector basically from the secondary sector to the primary sector remember that from 7.2 uh and we see
1:25 uh american jobs uh for call centers decrease and any job in mdc's decrease because of economic restructuring because
1:34 jobs and ldcs are increasing yay cool cool cool because they're uh hiring these services in ldcs because it's cheaper
1:44 these companies and mdcs are saving money by doing this because of that we see some effects
1:50 so some effects in the ldcs are emergence of the middle class people are getting jobs people are getting money there's urbanization
1:57 call centers aren't going to be in those rural towns and where farming is popular and then we see an increased gross national income as more people have an
2:04 income and we see more developments because the country's getting money their economy is growing they can
2:09 afford things like infrastructure now let's get into new manufacturing zones in the periphery so the periphery is developing crazy i know
2:18 uh there's free trade zones export processing zones and special economic zones let's get into all these individually so starting with free trade
2:25 zones these are areas where goods can be manufactured handled and distributed uh without tariffs or a customs duty which customs
2:33 do is like a tax on a good then there's export processing zones which are areas that promote exports and
2:40 encourage economic growth with ways like lower or no taxes and there could be other incentives that
2:46 uh get people to you know export their stuff here and then there's special economic zones which are trade and business laws that
2:55 are different from the rest of the countries they're different in this region they're unique i guess
3:00 uh and so yeah now special economic zones we've got a little bit of an operation going on they stop uneven development and they
3:08 increase economic activity in less developed country this is why governments would try to promote them or implement them in certain areas
3:14 because they're like all right this place is not that developed let's put in a special economic zone to raise the development raise the
3:19 economy and try to uh balance out that economic development because you remember uh in centrifugal and central and
3:25 centripetal forces uneven development is a centripetal for not centripetal a centrifugal force it's bad it doesn't
3:32 unify the people and we can see these in china they're putting in special uh economic zones as well and we can see this primarily on
3:40 the coastlines or on the borders where interaction is easy and encouraged and that's where the people are that's where the money is
3:48 uh and that kind of thing easy access and yeah that's where they're located in china now there's also been an increase in you
3:56 know change in the international division of labor which is the shift of the secondary sector from the more developed countries to the less
4:03 developed countries due to its low cost of production and lower wages of labor so the more developed countries are are
4:10 putting in jobs in the tertiary sector while those less developed countries are decreasing the amount of jobs in that primary sector and moving into the
4:17 secondary sector aka the industrial sector so some causes of this that's why it's happening is increased interaction among the
4:26 states we can talk to them now crazy i know there's globalization companies are now international
4:32 economic independence if the economy fails in one country it's gonna fail on the other and then there's the dependence theory
4:39 the dependency theory i said dependence theory didn't i uh so yeah that's happening as well the core buys things from the secondary
4:46 and then not the secondary from the periphery and the periphery buys things from the core and it's just they're all dependent on one each other
4:52 and we can see this with the made in china china is technically an industrializing country and the things that are produced in
4:59 china which is from the secondary sector that has that made in china thing and that's why you see so much made in china stuff on
5:05 your goods and then of course uh there's some changes to the cultural landscapes like this like special economics as we have ports and stuff
5:13 more as well and what about changes to the economic landscape well there's fordism which is basically
5:19 the assembly line people are doing the same tasks over and over again it's repetitive people do this to save costs and there's
5:27 a lower need for high skilled workers because they're not doing multiple things at once they're just doing the same
5:31 thing over and over again and this is produced this produces um usually high quality goods and goods that are similar to one another
5:40 then there's post-fortism which is kind of the same thing but with machines so the machines are replacing the humans
5:46 as well uh and this can be expensive i know but this will save money over time instead of paying people wages uh and the use of machines instead
5:54 of humans is called the substitution principle then there's the multiplier effect which is when one opportunity creates a
6:01 multitude of economic opportunities let's look at an example with this let's say you're opening up a restaurant in oklahoma you open it in pain
6:08 and then you move a location to creek then lincoln then logan and since they're doing well you're going to move them outwards to the rest
6:14 of oklahoma and then soon across the united states more jobs are being opened up for for rules like servers cooks and
6:20 managers uh and yeah more jobs are there more people are getting jobs and all the cool economy stuff that stonks
6:27 uh so yeah pretty pretty cool uh and then we have economies of scale so this is where the cost of production is lower while output is
6:35 output is higher so this could be due to things like machines that can uh have a high output but they're not that expensive over time
6:43 um they can be expensive to implement yes but you know the outcomes of it are pretty pretty good compared to human labor i
6:50 mean humans have to take breaks and stuff and machines they don't really have to take breaks unless they're overheating
6:55 then there's agglomeration which is the collection of similar businesses in an area that may share infrastructure labor techniques and collaboration
7:03 good example of this is the silicon valley we see a lot of tech businesses here uh so they share roads they may invest
7:08 in the same thing uh they get people from berkeley for jobs uh and that sort of thing as well so they're pretty similar
7:16 to one another and then there's just in time delivery which is the concept of receiving parts and materials right as they are needed
7:22 uh and you know there could be some drawbacks to this but there's some good things to it like reduce uh reduces the inventory
7:29 cost and there saves time and storage you don't have to fill up that freezer uh until you need the food to sell it
7:35 and then there's a possible risk that you can get them late and production can fall up behind and you can lose money and then
7:41 there's growth polls our final concept in the video which is a cluster of highly innovative productive and technologically advanced
7:47 areas stirring and diffusing economic growth uh we see this with the silicon valley we see money being created in the silicon
7:54 valley we see apple and google here oracle that kind of thing as well there's money there you know uh and the government likes this because
8:02 it's they're getting money the country is developing they can buy things and the us is number one in imports
8:09 and we have the silicon valley we have a bunch of technology we have a bunch of growth polls as well uh so they might influence uh where
8:16 companies locate through higher taxes and uh un in areas without growth polls and they're like businesses go to these
8:23 growth pools so we can increase our economy even more and the economy will increase because of that
8:30 and that's the end of the video thank you so much for watching please subscribe and like the video let's take this videos
8:34 don't take me just two minutes to make i put time and effort into these so please subscribe and like the video join my discord
8:39 server the links in the description down below leave a comment with their christmas and i love criticism i got nothing else for you all i've said some
8:43 more ap human genre videos if you want to go check those out so adios